In another remarkable example, on Christmas Eve 1971, 17-year-old Juliane Koepcke had the bad circular luck of being on Lansa flight 508 when it was struck by lightning over the Amazon jungle. She was thrown out, still stuck into her seat, and fell 3,000 metres (9,800ft). She had, however, amazing resultant luck when the thick jungle canopy broke her body and she survived, although 90 other people, including her mother, died. And, just like Stephen, Juliane had constitutive luck. Her parents, who were archaeological researchers, had brought her up in the Amazon, and she had the necessary skills not only to look after her wounds, but also to venture for 11 days in the jungle until she found an encampment. In the political arena, leaders feel the need to express complete confidence in the effects of their actions, but if they recognised the major role of chance in what happens, they might try to nurture more resistence to the unexpected. Such humility can also be valuable at a personal level. When attributing reasons for any success they have, people tend to overestimate the role of their efforts and acquired skills, whereas they should mainly be grateful for their constitutive luck.
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